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Satire, Irony, Parody, and Black Humor
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by Celia Maddox
Educational Consultant
Norwalk, Connecticut
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Satire
Victorian Web: Satire and Satirical Wit
These two entries on satire and satirical wit from the Victorian Web are brief but more discursive than the usual definitions in online glossaries of literary terms.
 Victorian Web: Satire
Victorian Web: Richard Hodgart on Satirical Wit
Catch-22 and Angry Humor
James Nagle's article, entitled "Catch-22 and Angry Humor," goes beyond a discussion of that novel to, as the article's subtitle indicates, "a study of the normative values of satire."
Catch-22 and Angry Humor
Irony
The Simpsons, Hyper-Irony, and the Meaning of Life
This excerpt from The Simpsons and Philosophy: The D'oh of Homer is informative about what the show is up to, an inevitable topic in lessons on irony. Carl Matheson puts the issue of "hyper-irony" in a philosophical context without sounding too scholarly. This is part of "The Simpsons Archive," which is very useful for teaching comedy and humor.
The Simpsons, Hyper-Irony, and the Meaning of Life
The Final Irony
This UK Guardian article on irony is lighthearted, cheeky, ironic (all in a British way), and informative. It summarizes the types of irony and uses contemporary examples to illustrate them.
The Final Irony
Robert Fulford's Column About Irony
Robert Fulford's riposte against the "irony police" who claim that "irony is crippling the youth of America" offers a witty entree to the topic.
Robert Fulford's Column About Irony
Parody
Julius Caesar Parodies
Parodies of speeches in Julius Caesar by many speakers and from many points of view.
Julius Caesar Parodies
Black Humor
Playing in the Dark: Black Humor and Poetry
Analyses of four contemporary poems that use black humor, and a discussion of dark humor in general.
Playing in the Dark: Black Humor and Poetry
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