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Home > AP Courses and Exams > Course Home Pages > IVb. Major Empires, Political Units, and Social Systems

IVb. Major Empires, Political Units, and Social Systems

Aztec-Inca (also covered in previous chronological period)

An Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico
The Internet Modern History Sourcebook, part of the Internet History Sourcebooks Project, presents an account of the Conquest from the Aztec point of view through the text of speeches by Montezuma and Cortes.
  An Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico

Cultural Readings: Colonization & Print in the Americas
This site discusses how the Conquest was characterized and advanced by the printed word.
  Cultural Readings

Aztec Hamlet: The Tragedy of Moctezuma II
This site discusses the actions of Montezuma and his dealings with Cortes.
  Aztec Hamlet: The Tragedy of Moctezuma II

A Historic Figure Is Still Hated by Many in Mexico
"La Malinche" -- Harlot or Heroine?
La Malinche, Unrecognized Heroine
Malinche

These four sites tell the history of the Nahuatl-speaking woman given to Cortes as a slave, and her role in the Conquest of the Aztecs.
  A Historic Figure Is Still Hated by Many in Mexico
  
  La Malinche, Unrecognized Heroine
  Malinche

China (Ming, Qing [Manchu])

The Rise & Fall of 15th Century Chinese Seapower
From the Maritime History and Naval Heritage Web site, these pages describe the rise and fall of Ming China, including the end of the Indian Ocean voyages.
  The Rise & Fall of 15th Century Chinese Seapower

The Voyages of Cheng Ho
Should the Ming End the Treasure Ship Voyages?

These two sites discuss the role, impact, consequences, and end of the voyages of Cheng Ho (Zheng He).
  The Voyages of Cheng Ho
  Should the Ming End the Treasure Ship Voyages?

Ottoman

The Principles of Ottoman Rule in the Balkans
This site contains a lecture on the major components of Ottoman rule.
  The Principles of Ottoman Rule in the Balkans

Suleiman the Magnificent
The site presents a discussion of Suleiman the Magnificent, who presided over the Ottoman Empire's "golden age."
  Suleiman the Magnificent

Russia

Survey of Russian History, Part 2
The site discusses the impact of Mongol-Tartar rule on Russia and the rise of the Muscovite grand dukes and offers a link to the reign of Ivan IV, the "Terrible." Links continue to the reign of Peter the Great and Russia's interaction with the West.
  Survey of Russian History, Part 2

Grigori Kotoshikhin on the Education of the Princes and on the Private Life of the Boyars
This site addresses the education of "the Russian princes" and what court and daily life was like for the boyar aristocracy.
  Grigori Kotoshikhin on the Education of the Princes and on the Private Life of the Boyars

What is a Cossack?
Cossacks

These two sites identify and discuss the role of the Cossacks in Russian history; the second site presents links to information about the Cossacks in the 21st century.
  What is a Cossack?
  Cossacks

Virtual Tour of St. Petersburg
This site offers a beautiful "virtual tour" of St. Petersburg.
  Virtual Tour of St. Petersburg

France

A Day with the Sun King
This site describes a day in the life of the Sun King and includes a discussion of authority and power in Louis XIV's France.
  A Day with the Sun King

England

The East India Company
This site, with useful links, discusses the British in India, with an emphasis on the role of the East India Company.
  The East India Company

Mughal India

Interview with Akbar, Emperor of the Mughals
This site explores the life of the Mughal emperor Akbar; also many useful links.
  Interview with Akbar, Emperor of the Mughals

Aurangzeb: A Political History
Aurangzeb, the last of the great Mughal rulers, is discussed.
  Aurangzeb: A Political History

African Empires

The Story of Africa -- West African Kingdoms
This very rich BBC-produced site presents, through its many links, a history of Africa, beginning with the ancient kingdoms, the kingdoms of Ife and Benin, the slave states, and the modern period.
  The Story of Africa - West African Kingdoms

Africa History on the Internet
This site provides entry into the broader topics of African history and culture with many annotated links for help in navigation.
  Africa History on the Internet

Collapse -- Mali and Songhai
This site explores the rise and fall of the Sudanic kingdoms of Mali and Songhai.
  Collapse -- Mali and Songhai

Images of Power and Identity
This site on the arts of Africa south of the Sahara was produced by the Smithsonian. It contains many images and links.
  Images of Power and Identity

Benin History and the Museum's Benin Collection
With appropriate images and text, this site discusses the arts of the West African kingdom of Benin.
  Benin History and the Museum's Benin Collection

Cutting to the Essence, Shaping for the Fire
This site focuses on Yoruba and Akan culture and art and contains many, many links.
  Cutting to the Essence, Shaping for the Fire

Gender Systems (elite levels, household politics)

Women In World History
This large database contains links to discussions of women and their contributions in many areas and time frames; follow links as appropriate.
  Women In World History

A Visit to the Wife of Suleiman the Magnificent
(Translated from a Genoese Letter, c. 1550) This site is a description of Suleiman the Magnificent's wife, Roxelena, from a contemporary Italian letter.
  A Visit to the Wife of Suleiman the Magnificent

Slave Systems and Slave Trade, Including Serfdom

The Impact of the Slave Trade on Africa
This site is a document on the Atlantic slave trade and European views on the trade and on Africans.
  The Impact of the Slave Trade on Africa

Slavery and the Slave Trade
This site from About.com includes many links and images about the slave trade.
  Slavery and the Slave Trade

Trade Links Across the World
This discussion of the Atlantic slave trade, 1450-1750, is part of a student-created entry on world trade in the ThinkQuest Library.
  Trade Links Across the World

Slavery -- The Peculiar Institution
This is an extremely rich site, really a meta-site, with many links to all aspects of slavery and the Atlantic slave trade.
  Slavery -- The Peculiar Institution

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